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Isaiah 45:18 states, "For thus saith Jehovah that created the heavens, God himself that formed the earth and made it; he hath established it; he created it not in vain [tohu]; he formed it to be inhabited."

This use of tohu is much more forcible when read with Gen 1:2. The only conclusion is that Isaiah describes the primary state; Moses an after state.

The traditional view that God created the earth waste sets the legislator (Moses) at variance with the prophet must be abandoned, and they must be allowed to exist in harmony:
God did not create the earth a waste; it became so subsequently.

Precision of Hebrew terms on creation:

Hebrew does not have a rich vocabulary, with many shades of synonym. Yet we have rather precise terms for "create," "make," and "form."
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